• Taken together the results reveal a

  2024-10-14

  

  Taken together, the results reveal a complex feedback and feedforward signaling network between the tryptophan metabolic enzymes IDO1/TDO2, the KP metabolite KYN, and the ligand-activated transcription factor AhR (Figure 2). Cancer Tunicamycin highjack this signaling circuitry to deregulate immunolo

• The difference in the mean

  2024-10-12

  

  The difference in the mean values of serum ADA in sputum positive PTB and controls was found to be highly significant (P Discussion Tuberculosis is a major health problem in India, and out of all its forms PTB is the commonest. A definite diagnosis of PTB can be made with the presence of RI-1 aust

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Autoantibodies directed

  2024-10-12

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Autoantibodies directed at neurotransmitter receptors and ion channels are pathogenic and/or biomarkers in several autoimmune neurological diseases [1]. For example, autoantibodies directed against voltage-gated potassium channels, the P/Q-type (α1A) voltage-gated

• Although the mechanisms of APP secretion are well characteri

  2024-10-12

  

  Although the mechanisms of APP secretion are well characterised (for review see Ref. [1]), production of soluble AChE species is less well understood although we have reported that a metalloproteinase can shed AChE similarly to APP [16], [17]. Recently it has also been demonstrated that cellular pre

• It has been reported that

  2024-10-12

  

  It has been reported that leukotrienes and their receptors, e.g. the cysteinyl leukotriene receptor 1 (CysLT1) may promote pkd kinase injury (Ding et al., 2007) and that increased 5-LOX expression and activity lead to production of brain-toxic molecules (Khan et al., 2010). However, differential ef

• For both the hydroxylation and lyase

  2024-10-12

  

  For both, the 17α-hydroxylation and 17, 20-lyase reactions, the heme iron center of P450 17A1 receives electron reducing equivalents from CPR. Both reactions require one pair of electrons and molecular oxygen for the conversion of the substrate into product in each catalytic cycle. However, the 17,2

• Endoplasmic reticulum ER stress resulting

  2024-10-12

  

  Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress resulting from accumulation of misfolded proteins in ER lumen stimulates a chain of adaptive responses termed as the unfolded protein response (UPR). Glucose related protein (GRP78/BiP), key ER chaperone essential for the activation of the ER-transmembrane signaling

• Along with the improvement of the

  2024-10-12

  

  Along with the improvement of the cadmium transport from roots to aerial tissues, as is required for phytoremediation, over-expression of PtoHMA5 also led to the excessive accumulation of cadmium in leaves that was harmful to plant growth and physiological performance. Thus, detoxification of the he

• In this study we observed

  2024-10-12

  

  In this study, we observed the ATPase activity of RaGroEL at various temperatures and metal ions conditions and the role of GroES in the ATPase activity of RaGroEL. Furthermore, we quantified the expression of groEL genes under different abiotic stresses, including temperature, pH, salt and oxygen s

• ATM is required for the proper function of the

  2024-10-12

  

  ATM is required for the proper function of the DNA-repair pathway in response to bleomycin-induced DNA damage in mammalian cells [55], [56]. Recent reports suggest that ATM activation by double-strand breaks leads to the subsequent ATR activation [57], [58], [59]. The recruitment of ATR to double-st

• Enhanced arginase activity and the resultant

  2024-10-12

  

  Enhanced arginase activity and the resultant decreases in L-arginine levels can also impair T cell mediated immune function and allow tumor growth by limiting the supply of L-arginine needed for the formation of cytotoxic levels of NO by iNOS [10]. Increased arginase expression/activity may also lim

• br Author Contributions br Acknowledgments br Introduction C

  2024-10-11

  

  Author Contributions Acknowledgments Introduction Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a pathological phenomenon that occurs after restoration of blood supply to DBU tissues subsequent to ischemia or hypoxia (Carden and Granger, 2000). It typically occurs after therapeutic thrombo

• adenosine diphosphate receptor br Conclusions br Introductio

  2024-10-11

  

  Conclusions Introduction During numerous physiological processes, aldehydes are generated from a variety of endogenous and exogenous precursors including amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids [1]. Most aldehydes are highly reactive and cytotoxic due to the strong electrophilic nature of the t

• In addition to it we also showed that

  2024-10-11

  

  In addition to it, we also showed that glycine increases miR-301a expression which directly binds to PTEN 3′UTR target sites [13]. Glycine confers neuroprotection through microRNA-301a/PTEN signaling in rats cortical neurons in oxygen deprivation model [13]. Substantial studies indicate that inhibit

• A highly attenuated B pertussis strain named BPZE has

  2024-10-11

  

  A highly attenuated B. pertussis strain, named BPZE1, has recently been described [10]. It produces enzymatically inactive pertussis toxin (PT), no dermonecrotic toxin and only trace amounts of tracheal cytotoxin. Markedly reduced lung pathology was observed in mice intranasally (i.n.) infected with

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