• The role of ARA cyp metabolites in

  2020-12-17

  

  The role of ARA-cyp450 metabolites in the liver is still unclear [44]. However, ARA-cyp450 genes metabolize other fatty acids such lauric and palmitic conotoxin [45]. It was found that decreased cyp4a expression caused fatty livers through reduction of fatty acid metabolism [46]. In this study, we f

• Perturbation in the cytokine network is correlated

  2020-12-17

  

  Perturbation in the cytokine network is correlated with disruption of growth hormone and glucocorticoid (GC) homeostasis (Thissen and Verniers, 1997; Sahid El-Radhi et al., 2000; Waxman and Holloway, 2009; Zhao et al., 2014), with important physiological consequences because cytokines affect the reg

• Several mechanisms are implicated in lipid induced insulin r

  2020-12-17

  

  Several mechanisms are implicated in lipid-induced insulin resistance in muscle, including oxidative stress (Koves et al., 2008, Zhang et al., 2011, Muoio and Neufer, 2012). Mitochondrion is a major source of ROS production. The oxidation of pyruvate and fatty MPTP hydrochloride receptor yielding a

• br Introduction br Conclusion br Acknowledgments and

  2020-12-17

  

  Introduction Conclusion Acknowledgments and Funding Introduction Reversible protein phosphorylation is an important post-translational modification of proteins regulating many processes in the cell. Approximately one third of the cellular proteome is phosphorylated, and several sites are

• br Steroid biosynthesis br Steroid

  2020-12-17

  

  Steroid biosynthesis Steroid hormone metabolism in breast cancer Conclusion Steroid hormones elicit their biological actions primarily by binding to steroid receptors such as the ER, AR, PR and GR. Although classical breast cancer diagnostic panels assess the expression of the ER and PR, as

• br Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate

  2020-12-17

  

  Ultrasonic pretreatment of substrates Substrate pretreatment is widely used in the biofuel, textile and food industries since the substrates are always difficult to degrade. During some enzymatic hydrolysis reactions, the protective layer of the substrate impedes the reaction. Ultrasonic treatmen

• Several recent reviews have appeared covering different aspe

  2020-12-17

  

  Several recent reviews have appeared covering different aspects of the sPLA2 family of enzymes, including sPLA2-V, and the interested reader is kindly directed to these for specific details [34,[135], [136], [137]]. It is important to remark here, however, that recent studies on sPLA2-V suggest that

• Several molecular differences between visceral and subcutane

  2020-12-17

  

  Several molecular differences between visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue have been described. One of the most demarcating differences between adipose depots is the signature of developmental genes, including Hox, Shox, and T-box genes [12], [13]. Lineage tracing studies have revealed key devel

• Recently experimentally exposed common carp took

  2020-12-17

  

  Recently, experimentally-exposed common carp took up CLO from water and maintained a consistent concentration in the liver and blood plasma (Corcoran et al., 2014). Clotrimazole may influence other aquatic organisms. Survival and development of marine shrimp larvae (Palaemon serratus) were affected

• Itch also known as astrophin interacting protein AIP

  2020-12-16

  

  Itch, also known as astrophin-1 interacting protein-4 (AIP4), is a HECT domain-E3 ligase. It was discovered in 1998 in mouse coat color genetic studies which displayed the disruption caused by the Itch gene inducing a lethal autoimmune inflammatory condition. The substrates of Itch are transmembrane

• br E Ubiquitin Ligases Regulate Central

  2020-12-16

  

  E3 Ubiquitin Ligases Regulate Central and Peripheral T Cell Tolerance During the random process of somatic recombination, T cell receptors (TCRs; see Glossary) that recognize self-antigens are commonly generated. Notably, meticulously precise filtering mechanisms, termed tolerance, are necessary

• Thus RhoA mediated inhibition of DGK is a

  2020-12-16

  

  Thus RhoA-mediated inhibition of DGKθ is a well-characterized pathway, conserved from C. elegans to mammalian tissues, which enables G-protein coupled receptors to regulate the extent and kinetics of DAG-mediated signaling by fine tuning DGK enzymatic activity. Acknowledgments Introduction Ce

• MTX and MTXPGs block the activity of the

  2020-12-16

  

  MTX and MTXPGs block the activity of the key enzyme DHFR (Fig. 1), which converts folates to their active forms – dihydrofolate (DHF) and tetrahydrofolate (THF). MTXPGs also potently inhibit thymidylate synthase (TS). Furthermore, during dTMP synthesis, TS utilizes the cofactor 5,10-methylene THF, w

• br Concluding Remarks Synthetic cytokine biology has

  2020-12-16

  

  Concluding Remarks Synthetic cytokine biology has become an important research area with novel solutions and ideas for therapeutic approaches, for example, synthekines, fusokines, immunocytokines, neoleukins, MESA receptors, or synthetic Notch or cytokine receptors. In addition to their huge impa

• The sex dimorphic expression of mouse

  2020-12-16

  

  The sex-dimorphic 8380 of mouse CYP3A is partially due to sex-dimorphic plasma GH profile which is a decisive factor in the regulation of sexspecific CYP isoforms [14]. Nevertheless, in our study we did not observe any changes in plasma GH levels in either mouse sex with a selective ablation of the

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